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第51屆美國臨床腫瘤學(xué)會(ASCO)年會將于5月29日-6月2日在芝加哥召開。13日,ASCO發(fā)表了四項重要研究,分別為廣泛使用維生素片可減少非黑色素瘤皮膚癌風(fēng)險,早期化療可延長晚期前列腺癌患者生命,以及可以提高罕見腎癌兒童和復(fù)發(fā)性多發(fā)性骨髓瘤成人預(yù)后的新治療方案。整理如下:
多西他賽和/或唑來膦酸治療激素缺乏的前列腺癌:來自STAMPEDE研究的第一個總生存期結(jié)果(摘要5001)背景:STAMPEDE是一項應(yīng)用新型多組多階段設(shè)計的隨機(jī)對照試驗。本試驗入組了高危局限性晚期或轉(zhuǎn)移性前列腺癌(PCa)男性患者(pts),這些患者第一次開始長期內(nèi)分泌治療(HT)。該試驗起初評估了加入3種治療方法中的1種或2種到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)療法中(SOC)。研究人員對比了3項研究的原始生存結(jié)果,這3項研究通過所有的中間分析[多西他賽(D)、唑來膦酸(ZA),和(D)+(ZA)組合]招募受試者。
方法:SOC是激素治療≥3年;直到2011年11月份,鼓勵N0M0患者行RT,然后再強(qiáng)制;RT是N+M0患者的可選方案。按照2:1:1:1的比例隨機(jī)分層分配患者:SOC(對照),SOC+D,SOC+ZA,和SOC+D+ZA.ZA每次4mg,每三周一次,共6個周期,然后,每四周一次,直到2年。D每次75mg/m2,每三周一次,共6個周期,同時每天給予10mg氫化波尼松。
主要終點指標(biāo)是生存期(從隨機(jī)入組到由任何原因引起死亡的時間)。兩兩比較每組患者的生存期,90%的P值為單側(cè)α2.5%,風(fēng)險比0.75,要求對照組出現(xiàn)——400例死亡病例,包括對無復(fù)發(fā)生存期分析的3對中間缺益分析。分析采用對數(shù)秩檢驗的Cox模型,根據(jù)分層因素進(jìn)行調(diào)整。
結(jié)果:從2005年10月到2013年3月,2962例患者隨機(jī)入組到這四個組中?;颊咧形荒挲g是65歲;61%的轉(zhuǎn)移癌,14%的N+/XM0,22%的N0M0;93%的患者在確診后6個月內(nèi)隨機(jī)入組,中位PSA為65ng/ml.中位隨訪時間42個月。
在SOC、SOC+D、SOC+ZA和SOC+D+ZA組中3——5級毒性反應(yīng)發(fā)生率分別為31%(SOC),50%(SOC+D)、32%(SOC+ZA)和52%(SOC+D+ZA)。對照組有405例死亡(84%死于PCa)。SOC+D vs SOC、SOC+ZA vs SOC、SOC+D+ZA vs SOC的風(fēng)險比分別為0.76(95% CI 0.63,0.91;P=0.003)、0.93(95% CI 0.79,1.11;P=0.437)、0.81(95% CI 0.68,0.97;P=0.020)。SOC和SOC+D組的中位生存期分別為67個月和77個月,提高了10個月。M0和M1期的研究結(jié)果不久會提交。
結(jié)論:來自STAMPEDE試驗的生存數(shù)據(jù)顯示,對于初次開始長期接受內(nèi)分泌治療的男性患者,在治療時加入多西他賽而不是唑來膦酸可以獲得臨床和統(tǒng)計學(xué)的顯著生存改善。
摘要原文:
Background: STAMPEDE is a randomised controlled trial using a novel multi-arm multi-stage design. It recruits men (pts) with high-risk locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) starting long-term hormone therapy (HT) for the first time. The trial initially assessed adding 1 or 2 of 3 treatment approaches to standard of care (SOC)。 We report primary survival results for 3 research comparisons that recruited through all their intermediate **yses: docetaxel (D), zoledronic acid (ZA) & the combination (D+ZA)。
Methods: SOC was hormone therapy for > = 3yrs; RT was encouraged for N0M0 pts up to Nov-2011, then mandated; RT was optional for N+M0 pts. Stratified randomisation allocated pts 2:1:1:1 to SOC (control), SOC+D, SOC+ZA or SOC+D+ZA. 4mg ZA was given for six 3-weekly cycles then 4-weekly until 2yrs. D was given as 75mg/m2 for six 3-weekly cycles with prednisolone 10mg daily. The primary outcome measure was survival (time from randomisation to death from any cause)。 Pairwise comparisons to control on survival for each research arm had 90% power at 2.5% 1-sided alpha for a hazard ratio of 0.75 requiring ——400 control arm deaths, accounting for 3 intermediate lack-of-benefit **yses on failure-free survival. Analyses used the Cox model of the logrank test, adjusted for stratification factors.
Results: From Oct-2005 to Mar-2013, 2,962 pts were randomised to the 4 arms. The groups were balanced with median age 65yrs; 61% metastatic, 14% N+/XM0, 22% N0M0; 93% diagnosed within 6m of randomisation; median PSA 65ng/ml. Median follow-up was 42m. Grade 3-5 toxicity was reported for 31% SOC, 50% SOC+D, 32% SOC+ZA and 52% SOC+D+ZA.There were 405 deaths on the control arm (84% from PCa)。 The hazard ratio was 0.76 (95% CI 0.63, 0.91; p = 0.003) for SOC+D vs SOC; 0.93 (95% CI 0.79, 1.11; p = 0.437) for SOC+ZA vs SOC; and 0.81 (95% CI 0.68, 0.97; p = 0.020) for SOC+D+ZA vs SOC. Median survival was increased by 10m from 67m on SOC to 77m on SOC+D. Results in M0 and M1 disease will be shown.
Conclusions: Survival data from STAMPEDE show a clinically and statistically significant improvement in survival from adding docetaxel but not from adding zoledronic acid in men starting long-term hormone therapy for the first time.
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